Holly
Ilex aquifolium
- Layer 2 · Understorey
- Attracts pollinators
Status by region
No restrictions recorded in the lists we checked.
Checked against the European Union list (Regulation 1143/2014) · Portugal's national invasive species list (Decreto-Lei 92/2019).
Information based on the cited sources, not legal advice — always confirm your local rules.
About
Toxic: inedible. Evergreen tree or shrub native to western and southern Europe. It stands out for its glossy, spiny leaves and persistent red winter berries. Plays an essential role as shelter for wildlife.
See which trees holly grows well with
These trees share this species' soil and climate — the pairing is inferred from conditions, not from a guild we have already seen.
No account needed.
Needs
- Water: Medium
- Light: Partial shade
- Size: Small tree or shrub up to 10 m
- Mature diameter: 4 m
- Soils: Clay, Loam, Sandy, Limestone
- Climates: Atlantic coast, Inland / Continental, Mountain / cold
Calendar
- January — Harvest
- February — Planting
- March — Planting
- April
- May
- June
- July
- August
- September
- October — Planting
- November — Harvest — Planting
- December — Harvest
- Harvest
- Planting
Medicinal use: Toxic: the fruits are inedible and cause severe intestinal upset.
Where to buy
Central trees worth considering
May work well together — same soil and climate, complementary layers. We have not seen this combination in a generated guild yet.
May grow well with
Suggestions worked out from growing conditions — same soil and climate, complementary layers and functions. These are not observed guilds; treat them as a starting point to try on your own land.
Creeping cinquefoilPotentilla reptanssame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
RamsonsAllium ursinumsame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
Ground ivyGlechoma hederaceasame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
NavelwortUmbilicus rupestrissame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
Self-healPrunella vulgarissame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
Wild strawberryFragaria vescasame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
Common dog-violetViola rivinianasame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
BugleheadAjuga reptanssame climate · same soil · different layers · complementary functions · same exposure · same water needs
Related plants
Other species in the same layer or with the same function.
See which trees holly grows well with
These trees share this species' soil and climate — the pairing is inferred from conditions, not from a guild we have already seen.
No account needed.
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